How Does Dry Cleaning Work?

Dry cleaning is a specialised cleaning process for fabrics that cannot withstand the harshness of traditional washing. While washing with water is effective for many garments, some delicate materials, like silk, wool, or embellished fabrics, need special care. 

This is where dry cleaning comes in. It uses a chemical solvent to gently clean clothing without water, preserving the garment’s quality and extending its life.

But how does dry cleaning work? And why do clothes need to be dry cleaned rather than washed?

In this guide, we’ll explain the dry cleaning process, its benefits, and what types of clothes should be dry cleaned.

What is dry cleaning?

Dry cleaning is a cleaning method that uses chemical solvents instead of water to clean fabrics. The term "dry" refers to the fact that no water is involved in the cleaning process. 

Instead, a liquid solvent, most commonly perchloroethylene, is used to remove stains and refresh garments. This process is ideal for fabrics that may shrink, distort, or get damaged when exposed to water or traditional detergent. Dry cleaning is particularly effective for delicate and luxury fabrics, including suits, dresses, and items with intricate detailing.

Why is dry cleaning better than washing?

Dry cleaning is often considered better than traditional washing for certain fabrics for several reasons:

  1. Dry cleaning uses gentle chemicals that do not agitate or damage delicate fibres, whereas washing with water can shrink or weaken them.

  2. Certain stains, like oil or grease, are more easily removed with dry cleaning solvents than water-based detergents.

  3. Regular washing can wear out clothes over time. Dry cleaning helps to maintain the integrity and appearance of the fabric, keeping clothes looking new for longer.

  4. Dry cleaning prevents colour fading and texture loss, which can happen with repeated washing, especially with fine fabrics like silk, linen or cashmere. 

The dry cleaning process

When you bring your clothes into Droplet, our dry cleaning experts take your clothes through the following steps:

Step 1: Inspection and tagging

Our experts check for any stains, damages, or special cleaning instructions from the manufacturer. Once inspected, each garment is tagged to ensure it is returned to you and to track any specific cleaning requirements.

Step 2: Pre-treatment

In this stage, any stains are pre-treated. The cleaner uses special spotting agents to tackle specific stains like oil, wine, or ink, ensuring that tough spots are properly addressed before the actual cleaning begins.

Step 3: Dry cleaning 

Your garments are now placed in the dry cleaning machine. The machine fills with the chosen solvent, gently removing dirt, oils, and stains. The solvent is continuously filtered to keep it clean, and once the cleaning cycle is complete, the clothes are dried using controlled heat.

Step 4: Post-clean inspection

After cleaning, each garment is inspected again to ensure all stains have been removed. Any remaining spots may undergo further treatment. This step ensures that the garment is in perfect condition before finishing.

Step 5: Pressing and finishing

Finally, garments are pressed or steamed to remove wrinkles and restore their shape. Special attention is given to collars, cuffs, and pleats. The cleaner may also perform minor repairs, like replacing missing buttons or sewing loose hems, when necessary or requested. The clothes are then packed and ready for pick-up.

Pros and cons of dry cleaning

Pros:

  • More effective on delicate fabrics, like silk, wool, and velvet.

  • Protects garments that might shrink or lose shape in water.

  • Superior stain removal, especially for oil-based stains

  • Keeps clothes looking new for longer by preserving texture and color.

Cons:

  • Dry cleaning is generally more expensive than traditional washing.

  • Some solvents used, like perchloroethylene, can be harsh on the environment and skin. 

  • It may take a few days to get your clothes back, whereas washing can be done at home in a short time.

What clothes should be dry cleaned?

Some clothes require dry cleaning due to their fabric or design. Here are the types of garments that benefit most from this process:

  • Suits and Blazers: The structure and fabric of tailored suits need special care to maintain their shape.

  • Silk Dresses and Blouses: Silk is delicate and can get damaged or lose its sheen in water.

  • Wool Coats and Sweaters: Wool can shrink when exposed to water, making dry cleaning a safer option.

  • Embellished or Beaded Garments: Water can loosen or damage beads and embellishments.

  • Leather and Suede: These materials require specific solvents and treatments that traditional washing cannot provide.

Final Thoughts

Dry cleaning is a specialised process that protects delicate fabrics, preserves the integrity of clothes, and offers a solution for stubborn stains that water-based washing struggles to remove. While it’s more expensive than washing, it is essential for high-quality garments like suits, silk dresses, and wool coats. 

Understanding when to dry clean your clothes will help extend their life and keep them looking pristine. Always check the label for cleaning instructions or consult with your dry cleaner if you're unsure what’s best for your clothing. This will help keep your closet in pristine condition for years to come.

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